APU启动

huoleiguolei · 发表于 2013-7-23 19:32:59

今天对着手册好好学习了APU启动。全程。不仔细看看还真会有遗漏。

APU启动

APU Starting and Operation

A、概况
General
(1) 如果APU启动间隔超过了一周并且APU没有保留，必须在没有负载的情况下使APU运转至少五分钟然后关断。在多数情况下，启动APU间隔不超过一周是为了防止燃油腐蚀和滑油密封垫损坏。

It is recommended that you do an APU starting and operation procedure at a minimum of one time in a 7 day (weekly) interval if the airplane has not operated and you did not do the APU preservation procedure during this time. You must operate the APU for a minimum of five minutes under a ‘‘no-load’’ condition and then do the APU shutdown procedure. In most conditions, the operation of the APU during this 7 day (weekly) interval will prevent internal/external corrosion and damage to the fuel and oil seals/components.

B、 参考资料/ References
Reference Title

AMM12-11-00-650-802 Pressure Refuel Procedure (P/B 301)

AMM12-33-01-600-802 Cold Weather Maintenance Procedure (P/B 301)

C、启动程序/ Procedure
警告：在启动APU前压力加燃油必选按照加放燃油相关程序进行，否则可能会造成人员伤亡。

WARNING: IF A REFUELING OPERATION IS IN THE AREA, OBEY THE WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS IN THE PRESSURE REFUEL PROCEDURE BEFORE YOU DO THE APU STARTING AND OPERATION PROCEDURE. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THE WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS, INJURY TO PERSONS CAN OCCUR.

(1)如果要压力加燃油必须按照相关程序进行。(压力加油程序:AMM TASK 12-11-00-650-802).

If there is a refueling operation in the area, make sure you obey the WARNINGs and CAUTIONs in the pressure refuel procedure (Pressure Refuel Procedure, TASK 12-11-00-650-802).

(2)确保APU冲压进气口附近没有结冰。

Make sure there is no ice around the hinged flap of the vortex generator for the air inlet door.

(a)如果发现结冰，做工作：寒冷天气维修相关程序(AMMTASK12-33-01-600-802.)

If you find ice, do this task: Cold Weather Maintenance Procedure,

TASK 12-33-01-600-802.

(3)确保进气口附近无杂物

Make sure there are no loose objects near the air inlet door.

(4)确保P5板上电瓶电门在ON位

Make sure the BAT switch [1] on the P5 forward overhead panel is set to the ON position.

(5)在中央仪表板上读取一号油箱燃油量。

Look at the fuel quantity display on the P2 center instrument panel for the No. 1 fuel tank.

警告：启动APU泵前确保一号油箱有足够的燃油。干燥环境下如果油箱里有燃油蒸汽不要启动APU泵否则会发生火灾或爆炸。

WARNING: MAKE SURE THERE IS SUFFICIENT FUEL IN THE NO. 1 FUEL TANK TO KEEP THE BOOST PUMP INLETS COVERED DURING THE SCHEDULED APU OPERATION. DO NOT OPERATE BOOST PUMPS IN A DRY CONDITION WITH FLAMMABLE VAPORS IN THE TANK. FUEL VAPORS IN THE TANK MAY IGNITE AND CAUSE A FIRE OR EXPLOSION.

注意：一号油箱燃油量最少500磅（227公斤）

NOTE: A minimum of 500 pounds (227 kilograms) of fuel must be in the No. 1 fuel tank.

(6)确保以下跳开关闭合

Make sure that these circuit breakers are closed:

Battery Shield, J9

Row Col Number Name

A 5 C01340 BATTERY BUS

F/O Electrical System Panel, P6-2

Row Col Number Name

A 21 C00396 FIRE PROTECTION DETECTION MA WRN & CONT

A 22 C00407 FIRE PROTECTION DETECTION ENG 2

A 23 C00403 FIRE PROTECTION DETECTION APU

A 24 C00405 FIRE PROTECTION DETECTION ENG 1

B 19 C01344 APU FIRE SW POWER

B 20 C00297 FIRE PROTECTION EXTINGUISHERS RIGHT

B 21 C00452 FIRE PROTECTION EXTINGUISHERS APU

B 22 C00296 FIRE PROTECTION EXTINGUISHERS LEFT

B 23 C01022 FIRE PROTECTION EXTINGUISHERS ALTN RIGHT

B 24 C01021 FIRE PROTECTION EXTINGUISHERS ALTN LEFT

F/O Electrical System Panel, P6-3

Row Col Number Name

B 12 C00132 MASTER CAUTION ANNUNCIATOR BUS 1

B 13 C00131 MASTER CAUTION ANNUNCIATOR BAT

C 15 C01355 LANDING GEAR AIR/GND SYS 2

C 16 C01356 LANDING GEAR AIR/GND SYS 1

D 11 C00133 INDICATOR MASTER DIM DIM/TST CONT

D 12 C00310 INDICATOR MASTER DIM BAT

D 13 C00311 INDICATOR MASTER DIM BUS 1

D 14 C00312 INDICATOR MASTER DIM BUS 2

D 15 C01401 LANDING GEAR AIR/GND RELAY

E 11 C00313 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 1

E 12 C00314 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 2

E 13 C00315 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 3

E 14 C00316 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 4

F 11 C00317 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 5

F 12 C00318 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 6

F 13 C01179 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 7

F 14 C01180 INDICATOR MASTER DIM SECT 8

F/O Electrical System Panel, P6-4

Row Col Number Name

A 14 C00033 AUX POWER UNIT CONT

B 14 C01424 AUX POWER UNIT SCU FAN POWER

D 13 C01467 AC BUS XFR BUS 2 115V AC IND

D 14 C02043 AC BUS 28V AC XFR BUS 2 SECT 2

D 15 C02047 AC BUS STBY BUS 28V AC DISTR

D 16 C00072 AC BUS STBY BUS 115V AC IND

D 18 C02029 AC BUS AC STBY BUS PWR

E 15 C00134 DC BUS INDICATION HOT BAT

E 16 C01466 DC BUS INDICATION SW HOT BAT

E 18 C00136 DC BUS INDICATION STBY

F 8 C01286 GENERATOR DISC 1

F 9 C01287 GENERATOR DISC 2

F 10 C01283 GENERATOR CONT UNIT 1

F 11 C01284 GENERATOR CONT UNIT 2

F 12 C01285 GENERATOR APU GEN CONT UNIT

F 13 C01290 GENERATOR BUS PWR CONT UNIT

F 14 C00026 DC BUS INDICATION BAT

F 16 C00023 DC BUS INDICATION BUS 1

F 18 C01338 DC BUS INDICATION BUS 2

Power Distribution Panel Number 2, P92

Row Col Number Name

D 1 C00826 FUEL BOOST PUMP TANK 1 AFT

D 2 C00826 FUEL BOOST PUMP TANK 1 AFT

Standby Power Control Unit, M01720

Row Col Number Name

B 4 C00169 SW HOT BAT

(7)当用直流或交流电启动APU时确保以下跳开关在合适位置

Make sure this circuit breaker is set correctly to do a dc or an ac start of the APU:

(a) 当用直流电启动APU时：

For a dc start of the APU:

1)确保以下跳开关打开

Make sure that this circuit breaker is open:

Power Distribution Panel Number 1, P91

Row Col Number Name

A 11 C01336 APU START CONV

(b) 当用交流电启动APU时：

For an ac start of the APU:

2) 确保以下跳开关闭合

Make sure that this circuit breaker is closed:

Power Distribution Panel Number 1, P91

Row Col Number Name

A 11 C01336 APU START CONV

(8)确保以下P5前头顶板开关在合适位置

Make sure these switches on the P5 forward overhead panel are set correctly:

(a) APU控制开关在OFF位

Set the APU master switch [16] to the OFF position.

(b) APU的BLEED开关在OFF位

Set the APU BLEED switch [8] to the OFF position.

(c) 1发2发BLEED开关在OFF位

Set the engine 1 BLEED and engine 2 BLEED switches [9], [7] to the OFF position.

(d) L PACK和R PACK开关在OFF位

Set the L PACK and R PACK switches [4], [5] to the OFF position.

(e)隔离活门（ISOLATION VALVE）开关在关断位

Set the ISOLATION VALVE switch [6] to the CLOSE position.

(f)确保备用电源（STANDBY POWER）电门在自动位

Make sure the STANDBY POWER switch [10] is in the AUTO position.

(g)确保汇流条转换（BUS TRANS）电门在自动位

Make sure the BUS TRANS switch [11] is in the AUTO position

(h)把APU GEN电门打到ON位然后立刻松开

Momentarily set one of the two APU GEN switches [13] to the ON position and then release.

警告：当低压警告灯亮时不要运转燃油泵否则燃油箱内燃油蒸汽会发生点燃或爆炸

WARNING: DO NOT OPERATE ANY FUEL PUMP IF THE LOW PRESSURE LIGHT COMES ON AND STAYS ON. FUEL VAPORS IN THE TANK MAY IGNITE AND CAUSE A FIRE OR EXPLOSION.

(i)1号前和后燃油泵开关打到ON位

Set the No. 1 AFT FUEL PUMP switch [17] or No. 1 FWD FUEL PUMP switch [17] to the ON position.

1)在P2板上观察1号、2号和中央油箱油量

Look at the fuel quantity display on the P2 center instrument panel for the No. 1, No. 2 or center fuel tank.

2)确保1号、2号或中央油箱有充足的油量供APU运转

Make sure there is sufficient fuel in the No. 1 or No. 2 or center fuel tank for continuous APU operation.

3)如果1号或2号油箱油量多于250磅或者中央油箱油量多于2600磅进行以下两个操作中任何一个

If the quantity of fuel in the No. 1 or No. 2 fuel tank is more than 250 pounds (114kilograms) or center fuel tank is more than 2600 pounds (1180 kilograms), do one of these two alternatives:

a)

It is permitted to not have a maintenance person or observer in the flight compartment if you calculate the time that you must go back to the flight compartment when the quantity of fuel is less than these limits.

b)维修人员或观察员在飞行期间不断的监控低压警告灯

A maintenance person or observer is in the flight compartment to continuously monitor the LOW PRESSURE lights.

4)如果1号或2号油箱油量少于250磅或者中央油箱油量少于2600磅要进行以下操作

If the quantity of fuel in the No. 1 or No. 2 fuel tank is less than 250 pounds (114 kilograms) or center fuel tank is less than 2600 pounds (1180 kilograms), do these steps:

a)运转任何一个燃油泵必须不断监控燃油量和油箱低压警告灯

To operate any of the fuel pumps, you must be in the flight compartment to continuously monitor the fuel quantity and the low pressure indication of the fuel tank.

b) 当油箱低压警告灯亮时马上把燃油泵电门打到OFF位

Immediately set the applicable fuel pump switch(es) to the OFF position if the LOW PRESSURE light comes on and stays on.

(j) 把交流选择电门打到APU GEN位

Set the AC selector switch [3] to the APU GEN position.

(9) 进行APU火警测试

Do a check of the fire detection system for the APU:

(a)扳动P8后电子面板测试电门到OVHT/FIRE位并保持

Move and hold the TEST switch [21] on the P8 aft electronic panel to the OVHT/FIRE position.

1)确保以下灯亮

Make sure these lights come on:

a)P8板APU火警灯（红色）

The APU fire switch light (red) [19] on the P8 aft electronic panel.

b)P7板左右MASTER CAUTION灯（琥珀色）

The L and R MASTER CAUTION lights (amber) [27], [24] on the P7 glareshield panel.

c)P7板左右火警灯（红色）

The L and R FIRE WARN lights (red) [22], [23] on the P7 glareshield panel.

d)P7板过热警告灯（琥珀色）

The OVHT/DET annunciator light (amber) [25] on the P7 glareshield panel.

2)确保火警警铃响

Make sure the fire alarm bell in the aural warning module, M315, comes on.

3)确保右主轮舱APU火警灯持续闪亮（红色）

Make sure the APU remote fire light (red) [29] in the right main wheel well flashes on and off continuously.

4)确保右主轮舱APU警告喇叭响

Make sure the APU remote warning horn [28] in the right main wheel well comes on

(b) 放开测试电门

Release the TEST switch [21].

1)确保以下灯亮

Make sure these lights go off:

a)P8板APU火警电门灯（红色）

The APU fire switch light (red) [19] on the P8 aft electronic panel

b)P7板左右控制警告灯（琥珀色）

The L and R MASTER CAUTION lights (amber) [27], [24] on the P7 glareshield panel.

c)P7板左右火警灯（红色）

The L and R FIRE WARN lights (red) [22], [23] on the P7 glareshield panel.

d)P7板过热警告灯（琥珀色）

The OVHT/DET annunciator light (amber) [25] on the P7 glareshield panel.

2) 确保火警警铃停止响

Make sure the fire alarm bell in the aural warning module, M315, stops (no sound).

3) 确保右主轮舱APU火警灯灭（红色）

Make sure the APU remote fire light (red) [29] in the right main wheel well goes off.

4) 确保右主轮舱APU警告喇叭停止鸣响

Make sure the APU remote warning horn [28] in the right main wheel well stops (no sound).

(c)扳动P8后电子面板测试电门到FAULT/INOP位并保持

Move and hold the TEST switch [21] to the FAULT/INOP position.

1) 确保以下灯亮

Make sure these lights come on:

a) P8板FAULT灯

The FAULT light (amber) [34] on the P8 aft electronic panel.

b) P8板APU DET INOP灯

The APU DET INOP light (amber) [18] on the P8 aft electronic panel.

c)P7板左右控制警告灯

The L and R MASTER CAUTION lights (amber) [27], [24] on the P7 glareshield panel.

d) P7板过热警告灯

The OVHT/DET annunciator light (amber) [25] on the P7 glareshield panel.

(d) 放开测试电门

Release the TEST switch [21].

1) 确保以下灯灭

Make sure these lights go off:

a) P8FAULT灯

The FAULT light (amber) [34] on the P8 aft electronic panel.

b) P8板APU DET INOP灯

The APU DET INOP light (amber) [18] on the P8 aft electronic panel.

c) P7板左右控制警告灯

The L and R MASTER CAUTION lights (amber) [27], [24] on the P7 glareshield panel.

d) P7板过热警告灯

The OVHT/DET annunciator light (amber) [25] on the P7 glareshield panel.

(e) 扳动P8后电子面板灭火瓶释放测试电门在1位并保持

Move and hold the EXT TEST switch [20] on the P8 aft electronic panel to the 1 position.

1) 确保APU、左、右灯亮

Make sure the APU, L and R lights come on.

(f) 扳动P8后电子面板灭火瓶释放测试电门在2位并保持

Move and hold the EXT TEST switch [20] to the 2 position.

1) 确保APU、左、右灯亮

Make sure the APU, L and R lights come on.

(g) 放开灭火瓶释放测试电门

Release the EXT TEST switch [20].

1) 确保APU、左、右灯灭

Make sure the APU, L and R lights go off.

(10)当APU运转时如果APU进气道门打开确保有一观察员观察火情

Make sure there is an observer near the APU compartment to watch for a fire if the APU cowl door is open during the APU operation.

(11) 扳动APU控制电门到启动位然后松开到ON位

Set the APU master switch [16] to the START position and release it to the ON position.

(12) 确保低滑油压力灯亮

Make sure the LOW OIL PRESSURE light [15] comes on.

(13) 确保APU燃油关断活门断开

Make sure the APU fuel shutoff valve opens.

(14) 确保空气进气口门打开

Make sure the air inlet door opens.

(15) 在P5前头顶板监控以下指示

Monitor these indications on the P5 forward overhead panel:

(a)在APU转速达到95%前确保低滑油压力灯灭

Make sure the LOW OIL PRESSURE light [15] goes off before the APU engine speed is 95%.

(b) 观察CPS FREQ显示

Look at the CPS FREQ display [2].

注意：当APU没有加载并且转速达到100%时CPS FREQ显示必须稳定在395-405 CPS

NOTE: With no load applied to the APU, the CPS FREQ display must become stable at 395-405 CPS when the APU engine speed is 100%.

注意：必须使APU在没有负载情况下最少运转90秒

NOTE: The time necessary for an APU start must be less than 90 seconds.

(c)当转速达到100%时确保APU GEN OFF BUS灯亮

Make sure the APU GEN OFF BUS light [12] comes on when the APU engine speed is 100%.

注意：当APU GEN OFF BUS灯亮或者CPS FREQ显示稳定在395-405 CPS时，APU就可以准备供气和电了

NOTE: When the APU GEN OFF BUS light comes on or the CPS FREQ display is stable at 395-405 CPS, the APU is prepared for pneumatic and/or electrical loads.