最近可能因为飞机封存停飞,大家看手册也认真了起来。
给飞机通电是一件很普通的工作,经常干,实际工作中也不会去看AMM手册。但是,你有注意到AMM手册中非同寻常的警告吗?
AMM TASK 24-22-00-860-813,Supply External Power:
AMM TASK 24-22-00-860-815,Supply APU Generator Power:
WHEN APPLYING 115V AC, 400HZ EXTERNAL OR APU GENERATOR POWER, THE STANDBY HYDRAULIC PUMP CAN OPERATE FOR APPROX 4 SECONDS AND MAY MOVE THE RUDDER AND THRUST REVERSERS. TO PREVENT POSSIBLE INJURY, MAKE SURE THE RUDDER AND THRUST REVERSERS ARE CLEAR OF PERSONNEL BEFORE APPLYING POWER.
当接通115V AC/400HZ外部或APU发电机电源时,备用液压泵可运行约4秒,并可移动方向舵和反推装置。为防止可能的伤害,在通电之前,确保人员远离方向舵和反推装置。
但是,平时我们正常通电时,也并未发现备用液压泵会工作4秒。手册中为什么会有这样的警告信息呢?
SDS 29-22-00中关于备用EMDP自动工作条件:
下列所有条件满足时,备用液压泵自动工作:
-
任一飞控A或B电门在ON位
-
备用襟翼预位电门在OFF位
-
后缘襟翼未收上
-
飞机在空中或轮速大于60节
-
飞控低压
平时主要是「后缘襟翼未收上」与「飞机在空中或轮速大于60节」这两个条件不满足,所以备用液压泵并不会自动工作。
像这种短时异常后又自动恢复正常的现象,一般都是系统通电自测时模拟一些信号造成的,等相应系统自测试结束后就会恢复正常。
那么到底是哪个系统通电自测试导致的?
其实厂家有专门针对这个的说明:
737NG-FTD-29-05001,Momentary Operation of Standby Hydraulic Pump When Electrical Ground Power is Applied
The phenomenon is related to the auto-standby system, which can be seen in System Schematic Manual (SSM) 27-23-11 and 29-22-11 Flagnote 1. Auto-standby turns on the Standby hydraulic pump and opens the Standby rudder shutoff valve under the following condition:
Flaps "NOT UP" switch actuated
--AND--
MLG wheel speed > 60KT ---OR--- Air-ground in AIR mode
--AND--
Either /A/ or /B/ flight control hydraulic pressure < 1200 PSI --OR-- Yaw damper coupler turns on System A Flight Control Low Pressure Light L3 (airplanes with rudder pressure reducers)
On airplanes with the Rudder System Enhancement Program (RSEP) incorporated, the rudder Force Fight Monitor (FFM) can also turn on the Standby pump if a rudder force fight (greater than 3600 psi difference in delta-P between A and B sides of Rudder PCU) is detected.
The Standby pump may run momentarily when hydraulic system pressures (S142 & S141) are less than 1200 psi and the flaps are extended (flaps switch S1051 is "NOT UP"). The momentary running occurs when external ground power is applied.
If the Reverse Thrust Lever is not STOWED or if the Speed Brake Lever is not DOWN, then upon application of electrical power to the airplane, relay R591 (AIR/GND) moves to the GROUND position. As part of a self-test, the auto speed brake module (ASM)(M980) then closes an internal wheel speed relay for four seconds, connecting pins 47 and 49 in connector D2586A. This provides a "WHEEL SPEED GREATER THAN 60 KT" signal to the auto-standby system, and the Standby pump comes on. After 4 seconds, the ASM wheel speed relay opens, the "WHEEL SPEED GREATER THAN 60 KT" input goes away, and the Standby pump turns off. The circuits may be seen in SSM 27-23-11 and 27-62-11.
从厂家的资料可以看出,备用接通电源液压自动工作4秒还需要满足下面两个条件:
1. 后缘襟翼未收上
2. 反推手柄或减速板手柄被拉出
所以这种情况一般不会碰到,所以很多人并没有印象。
维护提示
平时看手册时,一定要注意细节。
个人也不建议干啥都要打印手册,有很多工作其实是属于基本技能类的。比如发动机添加滑油、读取故障代码、BITE测试、飞机通电、启动APU……
但是如果干的不对也是有风险的,比如:
良好的习惯很重要。平时习惯性看下手册,哪怕是最简单的工作,想想自己做的和手册写的是不是不一样,手册中的提醒警告信息背后的原因。
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