[B737] 波音对仪表不一致的分析及建议

Controlling a newer generation airplane is a relatively routine task for pilots who are current and qualified.Technology has solved many of the problems from the early days of aviation, such as gyro precession, high instrument failure rates, and delayed response to control input. Simple “needle, ball, and airspeed” flight information has been replaced by aural, visual, and tactile warnings incorporated into modern flight decks to alert flight crews when certain airplane parameters are exceeded. However,to prevent airplane accidents or incidents, flight crews need to know how to react properly when they encounter contradictory flight deck information or lose a significant amount of this information because of instrument failure.

Flight deck automation and flight control technology, coupled with excellent systems reliability and redundancy, allow flight crews to easily control their airplanes from takeoff to touchdown regardless of outside visibility.

However, if an anomaly occurs, the complex systems that automate, control, and display information in modern flight decks can produce erroneous or insufficient information. When faced with the resulting uncertainties, flight crews must determine what information is reliable and what information should not be used in order to make the proper decisions.Unfortunately, safety data shows that not all flight crews have satisfactorily handled situations caused by erroneous flight instrument information. During the past 10 years, more than 300 accidents and incidents have been reported as a result of erroneous flight deck information, including problems with pitot-static probes and air data computers. Several fatal accidents that involved erroneous flight instrument information and six incidents resulting from lost or erratic air data occurred in 1996 alone.Investigations of these events indicate that, with proper preparation, the flight crews involved in these events probably could have prevented them.In addition to accident and incident case studies (see p. 20), examples of information that can help flight crews prepare to react to such events include
1. Flight instrument system design.
2. Pitot and static anomalies.
3. System anomaly recognition and recovery techniques.
4. Specific operations manual procedures.