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B-2397飞机电子舱门指示故障分析及维护操作建议 文 / 李俊昌（机务部质检科）
编者按：《电子舱门指示故障分析及维护操作建议》一文写出后，作为机务与飞行技术交流材料，经过大家广泛讨论并运用到实际工作当中，有力的保证了航班的正常运行。统计2006 年1 月1 日至2006 年10 月15 日的信息，发现A320系列飞机共发生舱门指示故障19起，仅1次导致航班不正常运行。（即B-6256飞机2006年10月2日执行3U8918航班，起飞后后货舱门空中显示打开，机组返航厦门。地面检查锁机构正常且后货舱门无显示故障信息，根据MEL 地面目视检查后货舱门在关闭锁定位，放行飞机。）
一、背景情况
B-2397 飞机2005 年12 月20 日执行3U8881 航班：飞机在爬升阶段ECAM出现警告信息：“52-00 DOOR AFT AVIONICS”，飞机返航双流机场。落地后地面机务检查ECAM页面该舱门指示正常，确认该电子舱门在关闭锁好位，办保留重新放行飞机。
A320 飞机共发生舱门指示故障50 起，其中导致航班不正常运行14 起（统计信息为2001 年至2005 年12月31 日），且有 6次为返航、2次中断起飞、1 次滑回。
二、故障分析
以 B-2397 飞机电子舱门指示故障为例：
1、“电子舱门指示故障”依据最低设备清单（MEL）52-70-01D可放行飞机，该条款说明为：一个或多个电子设备舱口盖指示可以不工作，但要求每次飞行前进行目视检查，以确保门已关闭并锁定。
2、依据排故手册（TSM），“电子舱门指示故障”隔离程序如下：
TASK 52-41-00-810-804
Disagree between the ECAM System Display Page Indication and the Closed and Locked Position of the Aft Avionics-Compartment-Door
. Test
(1) On the ECAM control panel:
- push the DOOR key to get the DOOR/OXY page.
(2) Make sure that the Aft AVIONIC indication and the door symbol come into view amber.
. Fault Isolation
A. If the test confirms the fault:
- do a check for 28VDC between pins A and D of door frame proximity switch (40WV)
(1) If there is no 28VDC:
- repair the wiring as necessary.
(2) If there is 28VDC:
- disconnect the connector of the door frame proximity switch (40WV)
- install the jumper wire between the pins B and C of the door frame proximity switch(40WV)
- do the test given in Para 3.B.
(a) If the test confirms the fault:
- do a check for a ground signal at pin C of the door frame proximity switch (40WV)
(1) If there is no ground signal:
- repair the wiring from the pin C of the door frame proximity switch (40WV) to the ground terminal.
(2) If there is a ground signal:
- do a check and repair the wiring from the door frame proximity switch (40WV) to the SDAC-1(2) (1WV1(2)) pin B to pin AD/12E
(b)If the test does not confirm the fault:
- remove the jumper wire between the pins B and C of the door frame proximity switch(40WV)
- connect the connector of the door frame proximity switch (40WV)
- adjust the door frame proximity switch (40WV) with the doors checking tool or with the ECAM system.
1 If the fault continues:
- replace the PROX SW-FRAME, AFT AVIONICS COMPT DOOR (40WV)
(3) If the fault continues:
- replace the SDAC-1 (1WV1)
(4) If the fault continues:
- replace the SDAC-2 (1WV2)
B. Test
(1) On the ECAM control panel:
- push the DOOR key to get the DOOR/OXY page.
(2) Make sure that the aft AVIONIC indication and the door symbol come into view green.
3、从后电子舱门的结构来看，它和机体是用铰链的方式连接，是由锁销关闭锁好的，指示传感器只是用来指示门的开关状态。具体结构见附图。
4、发生此ECAM 警告信息“52-00 DOOR AFT AVIONICS”后，机组处理程序如下（FCOM第三册“不正常和应急程序”3.02.52 P1）：
三、结论
从以上舱门的指示故障及故障排除情况来看，此故障的原因是由于指示传感线路或指示传感器的故障造成，该故障只是一个指示故障，不会造成舱门的意外打开，也不会引起座舱压力变化，对飞行操作无影响。
四、维护及操作建议
1、维护要求：
a)、在飞机2A检对货舱门、电子舱门进行一般目视检查时，严格执行工作单卡要求，确保舱门传感器外部状况良好，并完成舱门传感器的清洁工作；
A319/A320/321 飞机维修方案
TASK NUMBER | DESCRIPTION | TASK CODE | INTERV AL | REFERE NCE | | 52ZB71-01-1 | CARGO COMPARMENT DOOR
General visual Inspection of the the Cargo compartment door.
Note: cleanthe proximity switches 30wv and 32wv of the cargo compartment door threshold. | GVI | 1200FH | 527100-8
20-003 | | 52ZB71-02-1 | AVIONCS COMPARMENT DOOR
General visual Inspection of the the avionics compartment door.
Note: clean the proximity switches (23wv,38wv,40wv) of the avionics compartment doorsand the proximity switch (36wv) of the avionics compartment door 822. | GVI | 1200FH | 527100-8
20-008
527100-8
20-011 |
b)、在飞机航后维护时，如航后报告（PFR）有舱门传感器故障信息或机组反映舱门指示故障，应及时进行部件更换，避免故障在飞机运行过程中出现；
c)、在飞机过站维护时，如航后报告（PFR）有舱门传感器故障信息或机组反映舱门指示故障，应办理故障保留，以提示机组该故障只是一个指示故障，对飞行操纵无影响。
2、机组操作建议：
a） 在飞机运行过程中如出现舱门指示警告信息，飞行机组可依据FCOM 第三册“不正常和应急程序”3.02.52 P1 进行操作，当座舱压力正常时，不需要采取措施，亦不必中断运行。
b）空客建议“座舱压力正常”检查程序如下：
▲ 机组判断在飞行中舱门是否打开漏气，座舱压力是否正常，只需监控座舱升降速度；
▲ 在爬升阶段，座舱压力控制器（CPC）控制座舱升降速度，正常值不超过1000英尺/分钟；在巡航阶段，座舱压力调节不会长时间变化，（不超过±500 英尺/分钟）；如果舱门故障伴随座舱升降速度超过上述限制值，机组应该考虑下降高度到FL 100/MEA或考虑备降；
▲ 另外，好的座舱增压可以通过ECAM 上外流阀的位置来判断，在爬升阶段座舱高度增加，外流阀是部分打开的。如果在爬升阶段外流阀完全关闭，机组就应该考虑由CPC 控制的正常的座舱压力调节是不容易达到的，ECAM 上的舱门故障就不仅仅是一个指示故障。
附：空客建议“座舱压力正常”检查程序email 原件
-----Original Message-----
> From: VITU-BARBIER, Nicolas On Behalf Of FBWSTD, Fltops
> Sent: 22 December 2005 14:27
> To: CSCCTU
> Cc: LEMELLE, Yves; DOCUS, Michel; BARROUILLET, Annie
> Subject: CSC- CHECKLIST FOR CREW WHEN ECAM WARNING ABOUT
DOORS TRIGGERED IN FLIGHT - FCOM 3.02.52
>
> SR Ref: STLS-2005-66546 Id: 1-CPDNY
>
> FROM: Airbus Flight Operations Support & Services
>
> TO:WEI Shuyu
>
> DearWEI Shuyu
>
> This memo is in response to the question you sent us dated December 22nd 2005 regarding the above-noted subject.
>
> Question:
>
> CSC experienced an IFTB (In Flight Turn Back) due to ECAM warning "AFT Avionic". It was proved that this is a spurious message after ground check. The crews can not provide detail information (whether cabin pressure is normal or not) for this event. FCOM 3.02.52 was also reviewed and disclosed that the first step which should crew comply with is to confirm whether cabin pressure is normal or not. The associated procedure in ECAM should be noted by crew during flight. I think the instruction in FCOM is clear enough. But CSC still enquired the possibility for Airbus to provide a certain kind of check-list to remind crew such situation in flight. The check-list will include the following content at least.
> 1. Tell crew what should they do.
> 2. Tell crew how to check cabin pressure.
> 3. Tell crew what is the normal range of cabin pressure.
> I would appreciate your comments on ths issue by Dec. 23, 2005. (TLS time).
Thanks in advance for your understanding.
>
> Answer:
>
> As per the procedure, the crew is only requested to monitor the cabin vertical
speed in order to determine whether or not normal pressurization is ensured and
that there is no leak that would be the consequence of a door opening in flight.
>
> During the climb phase, the cabin vertical speed controlled by the Cabin Pressure Controller does not exceed 1000 feet/minutes in normal operation. In cruise, the regulation does not make it vary for long periods of times (never by more than + or - 500ft/min). If a DOOR fault comes along with a cabin vertical speed higher than the above figures, the pilots could consider descending to FL 100/MEA or consider a diversion.
>
> In addition, a good indication concerning the cabin pressurization behaviour,can be provided by the outflow valve position on the ECAM. Indeed, during the climb phase, the cabin altitude increases, this means that the outflow valve is partially open. Now, should it be fully closed during the climb phase, the pilot may consider that a normal cabin pressure regulation is not easily achieved by the CPC and therefore, it may be suspected that the DOOR ECAM fault it is not only an indication issue.
>
> Hoping the above clarifies, please feel free to contact this office again, if you have any questions.
>
> Best regards and Seasons Greetings.
>
> Nicolas VITU-BARBIER
> A320/A330/A340 Operational Standards
> STLS
> Tel:+33 561933626
> Fax:+33561932968
> E-mail:fltops.fbwstd@airbus.com
> |
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