波音和FAA官宣：737MAX最迟4月强制安装改进后的飞行控制软件
分享即成长。大家好，欢迎关注阮工频道北京时间3月10日13点44分，埃塞俄比亚航空公司一架波音737MAX 8客机，在飞往肯尼亚途中坠毁。机上载有149名乘客与8名机组人员，全部遇难。
事件发生后，朋友圈被各种分析解读霸占了。
「忽如一夜春风来，千树万树专家开。」
↑ 微信朋友圈盗图
下面，给大家看点官方的消息吧：
波音公司
3月10日
Updated: Boeing Statement on Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302March 10,
2019 - Boeing is deeply saddened to learn of the passing of the passengers and crew on Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302, a 737 MAX 8 airplane. We extend our heartfelt sympathies to the families and loved ones of the passengers and crew on board and stand ready to support the Ethiopian Airlines team. A Boeing technical team will be travelling to the crash site to provide technical assistance under the direction of the Ethiopia Accident Investigation Bureau and U.S. National Transportation Safety Board.
3月11日
Boeing Statement on 737 MAX Software Enhancement波音公司关于737 Max软件改进的声明
March 11, 2019 - The Boeing Company is deeply saddened by the loss of Lion Air Flight 610, which has weighed heavily on the entire Boeing team, and we extend our heartfelt condolences and sympathies to the families and loved ones of those onboard.
2019年3月11日——波音公司对狮航610航班的失事深感悲痛，这对整个波音团队带来了沉重压力，我们向机上人员的家属和亲人表示衷心的慰问和同情。
Safety is a core value for everyone at Boeing and the safety of our airplanes, our customers’ passengers and their crews is always our top priority. The 737 MAX is a safe airplane that was designed, built and supported by our skilled employees who approach their work with the utmost integrity.安全是波音公司每个人的核心价值，我们的飞机、客户的乘客及其机组人员的安全始终是我们的重中之重。737Max是一款安全的飞机，由我们的熟练员工设计、制造和支持，他们以最诚信的态度对待工作。
For the past several months and in the aftermath of Lion Air Flight 610, Boeing has been developing a flight control software enhancement for the 737 MAX, designed to make an already safe aircraft even safer. This includes updates to the Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS) flight control law, pilot displays, operation manuals and crew training. The enhanced flight control law incorporates angle of attack (AOA) inputs, limits stabilizer trim commands in response to an erroneous angle of attack reading, and provides a limit to the stabilizer command in order to retain elevator authority.在过去的几个月里，在狮航610航班之后，波音公司一直在为737Max开发改进的飞行控制软件，旨在使已经安全的飞机更加安全。这包括对机动特性增强系统（MCAS）飞行控制规则、飞行员显示、操作手册和机组人员培训的更新。改进后的飞行控制规则混合了迎角（AOA）输入，限制安定面配平值来应对错误的AOA数据，并限制提供安定面指令，以保留升降舵权限（操纵驾驶杆时MCAS不启动？）。
Boeing has been working closely with the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) on development, planning and certification of the software enhancement, and it will be deployed across the 737 MAX fleet in the coming weeks. The update also incorporates feedback received from our customers.波音公司一直与联邦航空管理局（FAA）在改进软件的开发、规划和认证方面密切合作，并将在未来几周内部署到737Max机队中。更新还包括从客户那里收到的反馈。
The FAA says it anticipates mandating this software enhancement with an Airworthiness Directive (AD) no later than April. We have worked with the FAA in development of this software enhancement.美国联邦航空局表示，预计将在4月之前通过适航指令（AD）强制安装该改进软件。我们与联邦航空局合作开发了这个改进软件。
It is important to note that the FAA is not mandating any further action at this time, and the required actions in AD2018-23.51 continue to be appropriate.值得提醒的是，联邦航空局目前没有授权采取任何进一步的行动，而AD2018-23.51中所要求的行动仍然是适当的。
A pitch augmentation control law (MCAS) was implemented on the 737 MAX to improve aircraft handling characteristics and decrease pitch-up tendency at elevated angles of attack. It was put through flight testing as part of the certification process prior to the airplane entering service. MCAS does not control the airplane in normal flight; it improves the behavior of the airplane in a non-normal part of the operating envelope. 737MAX上加入了俯仰增稳控制规则（MCAS），以改善飞机操纵特性，降低迎角升高时的自动上仰倾向。在飞机投入使用之前，它作为认证过程的一部分进行了飞行测试。MCAS不会在正常飞行中控制飞机，它改进了飞机在非正常工作包线部分的反应。
Boeing’s 737 MAX Flight Crew Operations Manual (FCOM) already outlines an existing procedure to safely handle the unlikely event of erroneous data coming from an angle of attack (AOA) sensor. The pilot will always be able to override the flight control law using electric trim or manual trim. In addition, it can be controlled through the use of the existing runaway stabilizer procedure as reinforced in the Operations Manual Bulletin (OMB) issued on Nov. 6, 2018.波音737MAX飞行机组操作手册（FCOM）已经概述了一个现有的程序，用来安全处理来自迎角（AOA）传感器的罕见的错误数据。飞行员总是能够使用电动配平或手动配平来超越飞行控制法则。此外，还可以通过使用现有的安定面失控程序进行控制，该程序在2018年11月6日发布的操作手册通告（OMB）中得到了加强。
Additionally, we would like to express our deepest condolences to those who lost loved ones on Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302. A Boeing technical team is at the crash site to provide technical assistance under the direction of the Ethiopia Accident Investigation Bureau and U.S. National Transportation Safety Board. It is still early in the investigation, as we seek to understand the cause of the accident.此外，我们对埃塞俄比亚航空302航班上失去亲人的人们表示最深切的哀悼。在埃塞俄比亚事故调查局和美国国家运输安全委员会的指导下，波音公司的一个技术团队正在事故现场提供技术援助。调查仍处于早期阶段，因为我们试图了解事故的原因。
3月12日
Boeing Statement on 737 MAX Operation波音关于737MAX运行的声明
March 12, 2019 - Safety is Boeing’s number one priority and we have full confidence in the safety of the 737 MAX. We understand that regulatory agencies and customers have made decisions that they believe are most appropriate for their home markets. We’ll continue to engage with them to ensure they have the information needed to have confidence in operating their fleets. The United States Federal Aviation Administration is not mandating any further action at this time, and based on the information currently available, we do not have any basis to issue new guidance to operators.2019年3月12日-安全是波音公司的首要任务，我们对737 Max的安全充满信心。我们了解监管机构和客户做出了他们认为最适合其国内市场的决定。我们将继续与他们合作，以确保他们拥有所需的信息，有信心运营他们的机队。美国联邦航空管理局（Federal Aviation Administration）目前没有要求采取任何进一步行动，根据目前可获得的信息，我们没有任何依据向航空公司发布新的指南。
FAA
3月11日
3/11/19 3:15pm Update
An FAA team is on-site with the NTSB in its investigation of Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302. We are collecting data and keeping in contact with international civil aviation authorities as information becomes available.Today, the FAA will issue a Continued Airworthiness Notification to the International Community (CANIC) for Boeing 737 MAX operators. The FAA continuously assesses and oversees the safety performance of U.S. commercial aircraft.If we identify an issue that affects safety, the FAA will take immediate and appropriate action.美国联邦航空局的一个小组正在与国家运输安全委员会现场调查埃塞俄比亚航空公司302航班。我们正在收集数据，并在信息可用时与国际民用航空当局保持联系。今天，美国联邦航空局将为波音737Max运营商发布对外持续适航通告（CANIC）。联邦航空局不断评估和监督美国商用飞机的安全性能。如果我们发现影响安全的问题，联邦航空局将立即采取适当的行动。
3/11/19 6:00pm UpdateThe FAA has issued a Continued Airworthiness Notification (PDF) to the International Community (CANIC) related to the Boeing 737-8 and Boeing 737-9 (737 MAX) fleet.美国联邦航空局已经发出了一份针对波音737-8和波音737-9（737MAX）机队的对外持续适航通告（CANIC），见PDF文件。
以下是主要内容和简单翻译：
Situation description: Following the accident of an Ethiopian Airlines Boeing Model 737-8 airplane on March 10, 2019, the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) as the accredited representative, and the FAA as Technical Advisors, are supporting the Ethiopian Accident Investigation Bureau. The FAA has dispatched personnel to support the investigative authorities in determining the circumstances of this event. All data will be closely examined during this investigation, and the FAA will take appropriate action if the data indicates the need to do so.背景描述：在埃塞俄比亚航空公司波音737-8型飞机于2019年3月10日发生事故后，国家运输安全委员会（NTSB）作为授权代表，联邦航空局作为技术顾问，正在支持埃塞俄比亚事故调查局。联邦航空局已派遣人员支持调查当局确定该事件的情况。本次调查将对所有数据进行仔细审查，如果数据表明有必要，联邦航空局将采取适当措施。
External reports are drawing similarities between this accident and the Lion Air Flight 610 accident on October 29, 2018. However, this investigation has just begun and to date we have not been provided data to draw any conclusions or take any actions.外部报告显示（ET302事故）与2018年10月29日的狮航610航班事故有相似之处。然而，这项调查才刚刚开始，到目前为止，我们还没有获得得出任何结论或采取任何行动的数据。
Following the Lion Air Flight 610 accident, the FAA has completed these activities in support of continued operational safety of the fleet:继狮航610航班飞行事故之后，联邦航空局已经完成了这些事项，以支持机队的持续运行安全：
- Issued FAA emergency Airworthiness Directive (AD) 2018-23-51 on November 7, 2018- 2018年11月7日，发布了紧急适航指令2018-23-51
- Validated that airplane maintenance and functional check instructions on Angle of Attack (AOA) vane replacement were adequate- 验证了（维护手册中）迎角（AOA）探头更换的飞机维修和功能检查程序是合乎需要的
- Conducted simulator sessions to verify the Operational Procedures called out in FAA AD 2018-23-51- 模拟验证了FAA AD 2018-23-51中所述的操作程序
- Validated AOA vane bench check calibration procedures were adequate- 验证了AOA探头台架检查校准程序是合乎需要的
- Reviewed Boeing’s production processes related to the AOA vane and Maneuvering Characteristics Augmentation System (MCAS)- 审查了波音公司与AOA探头和机动特性增强系统（MCAS）相关的生产流程。
Ongoing oversight activities by the FAA include:联邦航空局正在进行的监查事项包括：
- Boeing’s completion of the flight control system enhancements, which provide reduced reliance on procedures associated with required pilot memory items. The FAA anticipates mandating these design changes by AD no later than April 2019.- 波音公司完成了对飞行控制系统的改进，它减少了对飞行员记忆项目相关程序的依赖。FAA预计将在2019年4月之前通过发布AD强制执行这些设计变更。
- Design changes include，设计改进包括: MCAS Activation Enhancements，MCAS激活改进 MCAS AOA Signal Enhancements，MCAS AOA信号改进 MCAS Maximum Command Limit，MCAS 最大指令限制
- Boeing’s plans to update training requirements and flight crew manuals to go with the MCAS design change include，波音公司计划更新训练要求和机组手册，以配合MCAS设计变更，包括：o Airplane Flight Manual (AFM) and Flight Crew Operations Manual (FCOM)，飞机飞行手册和飞行机组操作手册o Quick Reference Handbook (QRH) - notes in Speed Trim Fail checklist，快速检查单-速度配平失效检查单中的注释o Airplane Maintenance Manual (AMM)，飞机维护手册o Interactive Fault Isolation Manual (iFIM)，交互式故障隔离手册o Boeing has proposed Level A training impacts，波音公司提出的A级培训影响
3月12日
3/12/19 6:10pm UpdateStatement from Acting FAA Administrator Daniel K. Elwell
The FAA continues to review extensively all available data and aggregate safety performance from operators and pilots of the Boeing 737 MAX. Thus far, our review shows no systemic performance issues and provides no basis to order grounding the aircraft. Nor have other civil aviation authorities provided data to us that would warrant action. In the course of our urgent review of data on the Ethiopian Airlines Flight 302 crash, if any issues affecting the continued airworthiness of the aircraft are identified, the FAA will take immediate and appropriate action.FAA继续广泛审查波音737 Max的所有可用数据与运营商和飞行员的总体安全性。到目前为止，我们的审查没有显示系统性能问题，也没有依据发布飞机停飞指令。其他民航当局也没有向我们提供采取行动的数据。在我们对埃塞俄比亚航空公司302航班坠毁数据进行紧急审查的过程中，如果发现任何影响飞机持续适航性的问题，联邦航空局将立即采取适当行动。
狮航610波音的声明
NOV 27, 2018
Boeing Statement on Lion Air Flight 610 Preliminary Report波音公司关于狮航610初步报告的声明
The Boeing Company is deeply saddened by the loss of Lion Air Flight 610. We extend our heartfelt condolences and sympathies to the families and loved ones of those onboard.波音公司对狮航610航班的损失深感悲痛。我们向航班上旅客的家人和亲人表示衷心的慰问和同情。
Safety is a core value for everyone at Boeing and the safety of our airplanes, our customers’ passengers and their crews is always our top priority. As our customers and their passengers continue to fly the 737 MAX to hundreds of destinations around the world every day, they have our assurance that the 737 MAX is as safe as any airplane that has ever flown the skies.安全是波音公司每个人的核心价值，我们的飞机、客户的乘客及其机组人员的安全始终是我们的重中之重。由于我们的客户和他们的乘客继续每天乘坐737 Max飞往世界各地的数百个目的地，他们保证737 Max与任何曾在空中飞行过的飞机一样安全。
Boeing appreciates Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee (NTSC) for its ongoing efforts to investigate the causes of the accident. Boeing is taking every measure to fully understand all aspects of this accident, working closely with the U.S. National Transportation Safety Board as technical advisors to support the NTSC as the investigation continues.波音公司感谢印度尼西亚国家运输安全委员会（NTSC）不断努力调查事故原因。波音公司正在采取一切措施全面了解这起事故的各个方面，并与美国国家运输安全委员会（National Transportation Safety Board）密切合作，担任技术顾问，在调查继续期间支持NTSC。
Earlier today, the NTSC released its preliminary accident investigation report.The report provides detailed accounts of Flight 610 and of the immediately preceding flight of the same aircraft. 今天早些时候，国家运输安全委员会发布了初步事故调查报告。报告提供了610次航班和同一架飞机上一次航班的详细情况。
The report explains that the maintenance logs for the accident aircraft recorded problems related to airspeed and altitude on each of the four flights that occurred over the three days prior to Flight 610. The logs indicate that various maintenance procedures were performed, but issues related to airspeed and altitude continued on each successive flight. The logs indicate that, among other procedures, on Oct. 27, two days prior to the incident flight, one of the airplane’s Angle of Attack (AOA) sensors was replaced.报告解释说，事故飞机的维护日志记录了610航班前三天发生的四次航班中每一次的空速和高度问题。日志显示执行了各种维护程序，但与空速和高度有关的问题在每一次连续飞行中继续存在。日志显示，除了其他维护程序外，10月27日，事故飞行前两天，飞机的一个迎角（AOA）传感器被更换。
On Oct. 28, before the flight immediately prior to Flight 610, the pilot in command and the maintenance engineer discussed the maintenance that had been performed on the aircraft. The engineer informed the pilot that the AOA sensor had been replaced and tested. The report does not include records as to the installation or calibration of the new sensor, nor does the report indicate whether the sensor was new or refurbished.Although the report states that the pilot was satisfied by the information relayed by the engineer that the AOA sensor had been replaced and tested, on the subsequent flight the pilots again experienced problems with erroneous airspeed data, and also experienced automatic nose down trim.10月28日，在610航班前的飞行前，机长和维修工程师讨论了飞机的已经执行的维修工作。工程师通知飞行员已经更换和测试了AOA传感器。该报告不包括有关安装或校准新传感器的记录，也不表明传感器是新的还是翻新的。尽管报告指出，飞行员对工程师传达的信息感到满意，即AOA传感器已被更换和测试，但在随后的飞行中，飞行员再次遇到了错误空速数据的问题，并且也经历了自动前俯配平。
The report states that the flight crew of the Oct. 28 flight turned off the stabilizer trim switches within minutes of experiencing the automatic nose down trim, and continued with manual trim through the end of the flight. The report further notes that the pilot performed three non-normal checklist procedures, including the runaway stabilizer non-normal checklist, which is a memory item prescribed by the 737 MAX Flight Crew Operations Manual, and reaffirmed in Boeing Flight Crew Operations Manual Bulletin TBC-19 and FAA Emergency Airworthiness Directive (AD) Number 2018-23-51, as the appropriate procedure to address unintended horizontal stabilizer movement, regardless of source. 报告指出，10月28日航班的机组人员在经历自动前俯配平的几分钟内关闭了安定面配平开关，并且直到飞行结束都继续进行手动配平。报告还指出，飞行员执行了三个非正常检查单程序，包括安定面失控非正常检查单，这是737 Max飞行机组操作手册中规定的记忆项目，并在波音飞行机组操作手册公告TBC-19和编号2018-23-51 FAA紧急适航指令（AD）中重申，作为解决非预期水平安定面运动的适当程序，不论（失控）来源。
The report indicates that the remainder of the Oct. 28 flight was uneventful and that the flight continued to its destination. The report also states that, after landing, the pilot reported some of the experienced issues both on the aircraft maintenance log and to engineering. The report states that the pilot ran the runaway stabilizer non-normal check list, but it does not state that he communicated that fact in the maintenance documentation following that flight.报告指出，10月28日接下来的航班是正常的，航班继续飞往目的地。报告还指出，在着陆后，飞行员在飞机维修记录上和向工程方面报告了一些经验丰富的问题。报告指出，飞行员执行了安定面失控的非正常检查清单，但这一事实在本次飞行后的维护文档中并没有说明。
The following day, Oct. 29, shortly after taking off, the pilots experienced issues with altitude and airspeed data that the pilots had previously experienced on the earlier flights, due to erroneous AOA data. Data from the flight data recorder summarized in the report also makes clear that, as on the previous flight, the airplane experienced automatic nose down trim. In response, the flight crew repeatedly commanded nose up trim. This sequence repeated for the remainder of the flight, during which the flight crew was able to maintain control of the airplane for approximately ten minutes. Unlike as is stated with respect to the prior flight, the report does not state whether the pilots performed the runaway stabilizer procedure or cut out the stabilizer trim switches.第二天，10月29日，在起飞后不久，由于AOA数据错误，飞行员遇到了之前的飞行员在早期飞行中遇到的高度和空速数据问题。报告中总结的飞行数据记录器的数据也清楚地表明，与上一次飞行一样，飞机经历了自动前俯配平。作为应对，机组人员反复命令机头向上调整。并在剩余的飞行中重复这一操作。在此期间，机组人员能够保持对飞机的控制大约10分钟。与先前飞行所述不同，该报告没有说明飞行员是执行安定面失控程序还是切断安定面配平开关。
In accordance with international protocol, all inquiries about the ongoing accident investigation must be directed to the NTSC.根据国际协议，有关正在进行的事故调查的所有询问必须直接提交给国家运输安全委员会。
来源：
[*]https://boeing.mediaroom.com/
[*]https://www.faa.gov/
黑匣子和舱音记录器已找到相信事故很快会真相大白
推荐阅读
案例分享 | 737NG舱门警告系统排故与调节
安全生产十大定律
完https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/h7ziaAsUicoH9wpStqdm56F67kpQb2eHI251MrAw950PtqALD4XRcf4du5NuDNs80cozLib9FPX2d1QLA1Kxkr8mg/?wx_fmt=png
不知道还有人敢做不 波音意思是跟他没关系咯？ 影响有点大了，也不知道以后会不会影响这个机型的后续生产了。 谁还敢坐啊 复飞之路, 漫漫...... 现在利用这个好好折腾下美国吧
页:
[1]